Which management function includes monitoring and evaluating ongoing activities?

The management function that includes monitoring and evaluating ongoing activities is controlling. This function is essential for ensuring that the organization's goals are met and that operations are functioning as intended. Through controlling, managers assess performance against set standards and identify any discrepancies. This involves gathering data on various aspects of the organization, analyzing it, and then taking corrective actions if necessary.

By continuously monitoring progress and evaluating outcomes, managers can adjust strategies and processes to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and overall performance. This cycle of monitoring, evaluating, and making adjustments is critical for maintaining control and guiding the organization towards its objectives. The focus on ongoing activities also highlights the importance of responsiveness in management, allowing managers to react to changes in both internal processes and external environments.