Which function of management involves setting goals and determining the methods to achieve them?

Planning is the function of management that focuses on setting objectives and determining the best course of action to achieve those goals. This involves analyzing the current situation, forecasting future conditions, and deciding on the activities necessary to reach the desired outcomes. In the planning process, managers assess resources, identify constraints, and develop strategies to mitigate potential challenges, ensuring that the organization has a clear roadmap to follow.

This foundational function is critical because it establishes the direction for all other management functions. Without a well-defined plan, it's difficult to lead, organize, or control an organization's activities effectively. By laying out specific goals and the methods for achieving them, planning sets the stage for coordinated efforts across various departments and teams, aligning everyone toward common objectives.