What are the three sub-fields of the humanistic perspective?

The humanistic perspective in management emphasizes the importance of human behavior, needs, and attitudes within organizations. The three sub-fields identified under this perspective are the Human Relations Movement, the Human Resources Movement, and the Behavioral Science Approach.

The Human Relations Movement focuses on the impact of social factors and employee relationships on productivity and morale. It underscores the idea that understanding employees' needs, emotions, and motivations is crucial for effective management.

The Human Resources Movement builds on this by emphasizing that employees are not just resources for production but valuable contributors to the organization’s success. This movement advocates for the development and involvement of employees in decision-making, fostering a perception of them as vital stakeholders in the organization's overall health and profitability.

The Behavioral Science Approach utilizes concepts from psychology, sociology, and anthropology to improve management practices. It aims to understand individual and group behavior to enhance organizational effectiveness and employee satisfaction.

This combination of approaches highlights a shift from viewing employees merely as tools for productivity to recognizing their importance in achieving organizational goals through enhanced relationships, involvement, and understanding of human behavior. Therefore, recognizing these three sub-fields under the humanistic perspective is essential for comprehending modern management practices.